However, for largecapacity operation, using more than one effect will markedly reduce steam costs. Selecting the best evaporator for a given application can sometimes be a confusing and even intimidating task. Falling film evaporators can be operated with small temperature differences between the heating media and. Abstract the main goal behind this project is to treat highly generated tds, tss, bod, etc. Single effect evaporation is simple but fails to utilize the steam effectively, while multiple effect evaporators. The results indicated that minimum annual total cost is obtained by using a double effect evaporator. In forwarded feed multiple effect evaporator the liquid feed is pumped into the first effect and the partially concentrated solution is sent to the second effect and so on. Design calculations for multipleeffect evaporators.
Pdf design of heat integrated multiple effect evaporator. The falling film evaporators can be single effect or multiple effects depending on the capacity. Brine is pumped in hot weather to reservoirs of 100,000 m2 in area to a. Other articles where multipleeffect evaporator is discussed. Therefore, methods of reducing steam consumption or of increasing economy, defined as mass of vapour produced per unit mass of steam consumed are very important. In this study, investigation of selection of type of evaporator using some parameters is presented for multiple effect evaporator system. Evaporation is an unit operation by which a solvent is evaporated from a solution by boiling the liquor in a suitable vessel and withdrawing the.
The heating steam is also sent through the first effect to another effect. Noniterative design of multiple effect evaporators using. The compression ratio required is comprised of three. Optimization of multiple effect evaporators designed for fruit juice. Comparative analysis of multiple effect evaporators a nd anaerobic digester uasb for an effective ma nagement of ro rejec t from tannery gangarapu hareesh department. The amount of steam consumption in multiple effect evaporators is already mentioned in lesson 4. In any evaporation operation, the major process cost is the steam consumed. The typical feeding method of multieffect evaporators is forward. Design and simulation of a multipleeffect evaporator. An evaporator consists of either plate type or shell and tube type heat exchanger. Pdf optimization of multiple effect evaporators designed. With hundreds of plants already realized all over the world reda s. Single effect evaporators are often used when the required capacity of operation is relatively small andor the cost of steam is relatively cheap compared to the evaporator cost.
Evaporation is the removal of solvent as vapor from a. Optimum design and operating conditions of multiple effect. Multipleeffect evaporators maximize steam economy as vapor generated from one effect is used to drive another. Jaishree, optimization of a multiple effect evaporator system, a thesis submitted to the national institute of technology, rourkela in partial fulfillment of the requirements of bachelor of. Thermal analysis on triple effect falling film evaporator. Definition evaporation is the process used to concentrate a solution by. Simple sixeffect evaporator set steam weak black liquor product liquor condenser steam economy 5 1 234 5 6 slide 12 heat transfer in evaporators evaporation rate q ua. Multi effect evaporator multiple effect evaporation remains one of the popular methods used for the concentration of aqueous solutions. Evaporators come in many different shapes and sizes. The characteristic is to heat the next effect evaporator by used steam. Pdf single and multiple effect evaporators pranavv. In some cases multipleeffect evaporators have been converted to mvr to take advantage of changes in the relative cost of electric power and steam. Some commercial refrigeration systems have one condensing unit, associated with two or more evaporators, fig.
Mechanical vapor recompression evaporators swenson. Multiple effect evaporator is the combination of several sets single effect evaporator. In a multipleeffect evaporator, vapor from one body heats a second body at a lower boiling temperature. Request pdf optimum design and operating conditions of multiple effect evaporators. The desiccant solution from the multiple effect evaporator is. Evaporators with direct heating the use of solar heat for the production of glaubers salt has been described by holland22,23. The utility model discloses a multipleeffect evaporation waste water treatment system which. The theory is that if two evaporators are connected in series, the second effect can operate at a higher vacuum and therefore. In case of multiple effect evaporators, steam jet ejectors or thermocompressors are used to increase the thermal efficiency.
The configuration of a multiple effect system, as well as the setup of contracting methods, can optimize evaporator performance when dealing with high viscosity fluids. Multiple effect evaporators, optimum number of effects, annual cost, evaporator cost, steam cost. Pdf a simplified and generalized method to size multipleeffect. A system and method for dehumidifying air including a multiple effect evaporator that creates a concentrated desiccant solution.
A multiple effect evaporator, as defined in chemical engineering, is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water. Optimization of a multiple effect evaporator system. Tomato paste agro industry is a very important industrial sector worldwide, especially for countries like. Understanding the needs and concerns of our customers we have been taking complete turnkey projects. Typically, multiple effect evaporator calculations require an iterative solution procedure because so many of the required properties, etc. Multiple effect evporators filed april 15, 1 957 4 sheetssheet 4 ff. The latent heat of the vapor leaving in single effect evaporator is not. Article views are the countercompliant sum of full text article downloads since november 2008 both pdf and html across all institutions and individuals. Evaporation outline difference between evaporation and boiling purposes of evaporation boiling point and factors that affect it determination of boiling point of a solution types of evaporators capacity. Multiple effect evaporator is used for steam economy. Chapter 5 multiple effect evaporators 1 multiple effect evaporator in case of a single effect evaporator, the vapor leaving the equipment are discarded.
Zero liquid discharge zld system is a combination of multiple effect evaporator and a sludge dryer for converting the concentrated waste water into solid powder. Therefore the average area per effect of the evaporator is 232 m2. The most common naturalcirculation tubular evaporators are horizontal tube, calandria or short vertical tube. In such a system, the heat from the original steam fed into the system is reused in the successive effects. Company is manufacturer of multiple effect evaporation plant for waste water zero discharge from. Multipleeffect evaporator chemical process britannica. The stripper is part of the multipleeffect evaporator system. Hoekstra huletts sugar limited, operations research department. A multiple effect evaporator consists of a set of single direction evaporators, where each effect corresponds to an evaporator. Pdf optimization of multiple effect evaporators designed for fruit.
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